Madagascar’s unique geographical location and its ancient geological origins, coupled with its wide range of ecological features spread over a broad area, contribute to its status as one of the most biologically diverse regions on the planet. This biodiversity is underscored by its extraordinary variety and significant level of endemism. For example, the rate of endemism among plant species is particularly noteworthy, with more than 80% of the plant species on the island being native to Madagascar, meaning they are not present anywhere else in the world.
This particular flora and fauna is distributed in a wide variety of forest ecosystems.
Forest resources cover 22.6% of the national territory, of which 3% in protected areas. The forestry sector would generate, according to official sources, about 20% of gross domestic product (GDP), much of this, however, escapes the official figures.
In addition to being the habitat for the biodiversity of flora and fauna and for the many products it provides (energy, food plants, medicinal plants, building materials, etc.), the forest also has an essential service role for soil stabilization, the balance of the water cycle, carbon capture and scenic beauty.
Ministry of Environment and Forests
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